What is the correct flow of information in the central dogma of genetics?

• A. Protein -> RNA -> DNA
• B. DNA -> RNA -> Protein
• C. RNA -> DNA -> Protein
• D. DNA -> Protein -> RNA

Answer: (B)

In the central dogma, genetic information moves from DNA to RNA to protein. DNA stores the genetic code and is transcribed into messenger RNA by RNA polymerase. The mRNA is then translated by ribosomes, with help from tRNA, to build a chain of amino acids that folds into a functional protein. This DNA → RNA → protein flow is the standard rule; there are exceptions in biology (like reverse transcription in some viruses), but they aren’t the general path described by the central dogma.